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climatescience

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Climate Science: Reading Earth's Past to Predict Its Future

Ice cores, ocean sediments, and proxies that extend our climate record

Ice cores drilled in Antarctica contain bubbles of ancient air — giving us a 800,000-year record of atmospheric CO2.

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Climate science reconstructs past climates using proxies: ice cores (trapping air bubbles), ocean sediments (preserving microscopic organisms), tree rings, and cave formations. These converge to show that current warming is unprecedented in rate and likely cause compared to natural cycles.

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